Lefke / Osmaneli MemoryTracing the past, sharing memory
TREN
Lefke / Osmaneli Memory

Photograph and Archive Gallery

Historic Lefke photographs, Aya Yorgi, gravestones, archival documents and research maps.

Traces of the past
still speak today.

Photograph, Map and Document Gallery

Some source maps, charts and plans retain Turkish labels; the captions are in English. Label key: harita = map; köy = village; merkez = town centre; yol = road; nehir = river; nüfus = population; göç = migration; yıl = year; kadın = female; erkek = male; eski = historical; güncel = present-day; compass K/D/G/B = N/E/S/W.

Evliya Çelebi: representative illustration, public domain
Vue de la Ville de Lefkié
Aya Yorgi, historical photograph
Historic panorama of Osmaneli
Osmaneli railway bridge
View of the silk factory

Gravestones and Inscriptions

A section for inscriptions, gravestones and epigraphic material relating to the Greek Orthodox community.
Original photograph of Antonios’s gravestone
Gravestone of Antonios, who appears to have come from Misthi in Cappadocia. Original field photograph.
Enhanced version of Antonios’s gravestone photograph
Version prepared to assist reading the inscription. For detailed discussion, see the relevant section of the Greek Orthodox Community page .

Additional Historic Osmaneli Images

The draft gallery will expand as new images become available.
Colourised panorama
Railway bridge, close view
View of Beladyık neighbourhood
Archaeological stone object
Osmaneli Silk Factory

Interpretive Church Visualisations

Interpretive Aya Yorgi visualisations were added as drafts to illustrate areas where photographs and documents are lacking.
Interpretive visualisation 1
Interpretive visualisation 2
Interpretive visualisation 3
Interpretive visualisation 4
Interpretive visualisation 5
Interpretive visualisation 6
Interpretive visualisation 7
Interpretive visualisation 8
Interpretive visualisation 9
Interpretive exterior view of the church I
Interpretive exterior view of the church II
Interior visualisation with iconostasis
Visualisation of the church and surrounding historic settlement
Visualisation of the church square and neighbourhood

People Archive

This section is reserved for families of Lefke origin, photographers and portraits awaiting identification.
Group portrait awaiting identification
Aya Yorgi, historical photograph
View of Beladyık neighbourhood

Research Images

Silk Road / trade corridor
Osman Bey’s family and frontier geography
Greco-Roman cultural map

Historical Photographs of Rüstem Pasha Mosque

SALT Research, Ali Saim Ülgen Archive.
Historical view of Rüstem Pasha Mosque
Rüstem Pasha Mosque: SALT Research
Rüstem Pasha Mosque minaret
Minaret: SALT Research
Timber ceiling of Rüstem Pasha Mosque
Timber ceiling: SALT Research
Window detail at Rüstem Pasha Mosque
Window detail: SALT Research

The images are provided for research access under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0; they should be used unchanged and with attribution.

Visual Archive of the Nikaia / Osmaneli Book

All figure plates, bridge and tower photographs, and map plates.
Image source: Hüseyin Sami Öztürk, Nikaia Egemenlik Alanı Epigrafik-Tarihi, Coğrafya Araştırmaları I: Osmaneli/Lefke (Bilecik) [Epigraphic and Historical-Geographical Studies of Nikaia’s Territory, I: Osmaneli/Lefke], 2021. The images were included in the research draft to show their relationship to the source. Reproduction permissions must be checked separately before public publication.
Fig. 1, 2, 3 — Adliye, Ağlan
Fig. 1, 2, 3 — Adliye, Ağlan Click to enlarge.
Fig. 4, 6, 5 — Ağlan
Fig. 4, 6, 5 — Ağlan Click to enlarge.
Fig. 7, 8, 9 — Balçıkhisar / Datamanē
Fig. 7, 8, 9 — Balçıkhisar / Datamanē Click to enlarge.
Fig. 10, 11 — Balçıkhisar / Datamanē, Bereket
Fig. 10, 11 — Balçıkhisar / Datamanē, Bereket Click to enlarge.
Fig. 12, 13 — Borcak
Fig. 12, 13 — Borcak Click to enlarge.
Fig. 14, 15, 16 — Ciciler
Fig. 14, 15, 16 — Ciciler Click to enlarge.
Fig. 17, 18 — Çerkeşli
Fig. 17, 18 — Çerkeşli Click to enlarge.
Fig. 19, 20 — Çiftlikköy / Psallea
Fig. 19, 20 — Çiftlikköy / Psallea Click to enlarge.
Fig. 21, 22, 23 — Çiftlikköy / Psallea, Dereyörük, Düzmeşe / Mido-Moedo Orientis
Fig. 21, 22, 23 — Çiftlikköy / Psallea, Dereyörük, Düzmeşe / Mido-Moedo Orientis Click to enlarge.
Fig. 24, 25, 26, 27 — Düzmeşe / Mido-Moedo Orientis
Fig. 24, 25, 26, 27 — Düzmeşe / Mido-Moedo Orientis Click to enlarge.
Fig. 28, 29, 30 — Düzmeşe / Mido-Moedo Orientis
Fig. 28, 29, 30 — Düzmeşe / Mido-Moedo Orientis Click to enlarge.
Fig. 31, 32, 33 — Gaziler, Günüören / Attalēnē
Fig. 31, 32, 33 — Gaziler, Günüören / Attalēnē Click to enlarge.
Fig. 34, 35, 36, 37 — Günüören / Attalēnē
Fig. 34, 35, 36, 37 — Günüören / Attalēnē Click to enlarge.
Fig. 38, 39, 40 — Günüören / Attalēnē
Fig. 38, 39, 40 — Günüören / Attalēnē Click to enlarge.
Fig. 41, 42, 43 — Hisarcık
Fig. 41, 42, 43 — Hisarcık Click to enlarge.
Fig. 44, 45, 46, 47 — Hisarcık, Kızılöz
Fig. 44, 45, 46, 47 — Hisarcık, Kızılöz Click to enlarge.
Fig. 48, 49, 50 — Kızılöz
Fig. 48, 49, 50 — Kızılöz Click to enlarge.
Fig. 51, 52 — Kızılöz
Fig. 51, 52 — Kızılöz Click to enlarge.
Fig. 53, 54 — Kızılöz
Fig. 53, 54 — Kızılöz Click to enlarge.
Fig. 55, 56, 57 — Kızılöz, Medetli
Fig. 55, 56, 57 — Kızılöz, Medetli Click to enlarge.
Fig. 58, 59 — Medetli
Fig. 58, 59 — Medetli Click to enlarge.
Fig. 60, 61 — Medetli
Fig. 60, 61 — Medetli Click to enlarge.
Fig. 62, 64, 65, 66, 63 — Medetli, Town centre / Leukai
Fig. 62, 64, 65, 66, 63 — Medetli, Town centre / Leukai Click to enlarge.
Fig. 67, 68 — Town centre / Leukai
Fig. 67, 68 — Town centre / Leukai Click to enlarge.
Fig. 69, 70 — Town centre / Leukai, Sarıyazı
Fig. 69, 70 — Town centre / Leukai, Sarıyazı Click to enlarge.
Fig. 71, 72 — Sarıyazı
Fig. 71, 72 — Sarıyazı Click to enlarge.
Fig. 73, 75, 74 — Sarıyazı
Fig. 73, 75, 74 — Sarıyazı Click to enlarge.
Fig. 76, 77, 78, 79 — Sarıyazı, Selçik
Fig. 76, 77, 78, 79 — Sarıyazı, Selçik Click to enlarge.
Fig. 80, 81 — Selçik
Fig. 80, 81 — Selçik Click to enlarge.
Fig. 82, 83, 85, 86, 84 — Selimiye, Soğucakpınar / Eikralenōn
Fig. 82, 83, 85, 86, 84 — Selimiye, Soğucakpınar / Eikralenōn Click to enlarge.
Fig. 87, 88, 89, 90 — Soğucakpınar / Eikralenōn
Fig. 87, 88, 89, 90 — Soğucakpınar / Eikralenōn Click to enlarge.
Laskarid Bridge
Laskarid Bridge Click to enlarge.
Laskarid Tower / İki Kule
Laskarid Tower / İki Kule Click to enlarge.
Maurice Bridge
Maurice Bridge Click to enlarge.
Mansio Mido / Göktepe Mound
Mansio Mido / Göktepe Mound Click to enlarge.
Moedo Orientis Bridge
Moedo Orientis Bridge Click to enlarge.
Rēbas / Taşköprü
Rēbas / Taşköprü Click to enlarge.
Bridge and settlement maps
Bridge and settlement maps Click to enlarge.

Architectural Heritage: Historical Views, Plans and Today

Selected images from the 2024 architectural study.
Silk factory: former building and surviving chimney
Ellezler Mansion: historical views
Ellezler Mansion: present condition
Cebecioğlu Mansion: measured plan
Cebecioğlu Mansion: historical images
Rüstem Pasha Mosque: plan and heritage registration
Rüstem Pasha Mosque: historical/current
Aya Yorgi: plan, 1977 and present-day view
Ellezler Inn: historical view, plan and present condition

United Photojournalists

Evripides Martoglou, D. Fotinopoulos, Dimitris Floros and Dimitris Triantafyllou
Evripides Martoglou, D. Fotinopoulos, Dimitris Floros and Dimitris Triantafyllou.

Migration Maps and Charts

Migration Maps and Charts: 1
Migration Maps and Charts: 2
Migration Maps and Charts: 3
Migration Maps and Charts: 4
Migration Maps and Charts: 5
Migration Maps and Charts: 6
Migration Maps and Charts: 7
Migration Maps and Charts: 8
Migration Maps and Charts: 9
Migration Maps and Charts: 10
Migration Maps and Charts: 11

Visual Documents of the 1875 Fire

Visual Documents of the 1875 Fire: 1
Visual Documents of the 1875 Fire: 2
Visual Documents of the 1875 Fire: 3
Visual Documents of the 1875 Fire: 4

Aya Yorgi: Source Plans and Elevations

The architectural drawings reproduced from earlier studies in the 2026 article help explain the building’s layout. They are not images of a new HBIM model.

Plan drawing of Aya Yorgi Church
Aya Yorgi plan in the existing source files, from Hatice Özyurt Özcan’s 2007 study. Öztürk (2026), Figure 2, separately attributes the plan and proposed roof arrangement to Ö. Çiçek Ünal’s 2007 thesis. Lines showing the roof include interpretation.
Western and southern elevations of Aya Yorgi Church
Western and southern elevations: Öztürk (2026), Figure 3, p. 500; the article credits Seçkin Evcim (2009), “Bilecik-Osmaneli’de bir Osmanlı Dönemi Rum Kilisesi: Hagios Georgios,” pp. 259–268. The drawing was extracted directly from the PDF image.

Reference and limits of interpretation.

Contribute to the Research

If you have photographs, documents, gravestone records or family accounts relating to Lefke, please share them with us.

✉ Contact Form